Citations

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¹ Townsend, C. & Rheingold, A.A. (2013). Estimating a child sexual abuse prevalence rate for practitioners: A review of child sexual abuse prevalence studies. Charleston, S.C., Darkness to Light. Retrieved from www.D2L.org/1in10.  – 1 in 10 children will be victims of sexual abuse before their 18th birthday. 

² Texas Department of State Health Services (n.d.). 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Retrieved from https://healthdata.dshs.texas.gov/dashboard/surveys-and-profiles/youth-risk-behavior-survey – 7X faster than the national child population

³ Garza, O., Green, D., Grubbs, S., & Halbrook, S. (2020, February). Young Texans: Demographic overview. Comptroller.Texas.Gov. Retrieved from https://comptroller.texas.gov/economy/fiscal-notes/2020/feb/texans.php – 10% of the countries child population living in Texas.

⁴ American Childhood Cancer Organization. (n.d.). U.S. childhood cancer statistics. Retrieved from https://www.acco.org/us-childhood-cancer-statistics/ – Alarmingly, more children are impacted by sexual abuse than childhood cancer, which impacts 1 in 285 children before their 20th birthday.

⁵ London, K., Bruck, M., Ceci, S., & Shuman, D. (2003). Disclosure of child sexual abuse: What does the research tell us about the ways that children tell? Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 11(1), 194-226. – 3 out of 5 children never disclose sexual abuse |Child sexual abuse is an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that can have lifelong consequences for the health and well-being of survivors.

⁶ Ullman, S. E. (2007). Relationship to perpetrator, disclosure, social reactions, and PTSD symptoms in child sexual abuse survivors. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 16(1), 19-36. – 3 out of 5 children never disclose sexual abuse. |Child sexual abuse is an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that can have lifelong consequences for the health and well-being of survivors

⁷ Broman-Fulks, J. J., Ruggiero, K. J., Hanson, R. F., Smith, D. W., Resnick, H. S., Kilpatrick, D. G., & Saunders, B. E. (2007). Sexual assault disclosure in relation to adolescent mental health: Results from the national survey of adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36(2), 260–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374410701279701 – Child sexual abuse is an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that can have lifelong consequences for the health and well-being of survivors

⁸ Kilpatrick, D. G., Ruggiero, K. J., Acierno, R., Saunders, B. E., Resnick, H. S., & Best, C. L. (2003). Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: Results from the National Survey of Adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(4), 692–700. https://doi-org.ezproxy.lib.utexas.edu/10.1037/0022-006x.71.4.692 – Child sexual abuse is an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that can have lifelong consequences for the health and well-being of survivors

 ⁹ Leeb, R. T., Lewis, T., & Zolotor, A. J. (2011). A review of physical and mental health consequences of child abuse and neglect and implications for practice. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 5(5), 454–468. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827611410266 – Child sexual abuse is an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that can have lifelong consequences for the health and well-being of survivors

¹⁰ Sachs-Ericsson, N., Blazer, D., Plant, E. A., & Arnow, B. (2005). Childhood sexual and physical abuse and 1-year prevalence of medical problems in the National Comorbidity Survey. Health Psychology, 24, 32 – 40. – Child sexual abuse is an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that can have lifelong consequences for the health and well-being of survivors

¹¹ Assini-Meytin, L. C., Thorne, E. J., Sanikommu, M., Green, K. M., & Letourneau, E. J. (2022). Impact of child sexual abuse on socioeconomic attainment in adulthood. Journal of Adolescent Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.05.013 – Child sexual abuse is an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that can have lifelong consequences for the health and well-being of survivors

¹² Noll, J. G., Shenk, C. E., Barnes, J. E., & Putnam, F. W. (2009). Childhood abuse, avatar Choices, and other risk factors associated with Internet-initiated victimization of adolescent girls. American Academy of Pediatrics, 123, 1078-1083.

¹³  Simpson, T. L., & Miller, W. R. (2002). Concomitance between childhood sexual and physical abuse and substance use problems: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 22(1), 27–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(00)00088-X

¹⁴ Daignault, I. V., & Hébert, M. (2009). Profiles of school adaptation: Social, behavioral and academic functioning in sexually abused girls. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33(2), 102–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.06.001

^{15 16}  Assini-Meytin, L. C., Thorne, E. J., Sanikommu, M., Green, K. M., & Letourneau, E. J. (2022). Impact of child sexual abuse on socioeconomic attainment in adulthood. Journal of Adolescent Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.05.013

¹⁷ Meydan, A., & Finkelhor, D. (2020). Sexual abuse and assault in a large national sample of children and adolescents. Child Maltreatment, 25. – 70% of girls who experienced sexual abuse or sexual assault during childhood were victimized by another child or teen, most often male. 

¹⁸ M. Y., Silovsky, J. F., & Chaffin, M. (2006). Randomized trial of treatment for children with sexual behavior problems: Ten-year follow-up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 482–488. – 98% of children who received specialized treatment for problematic sexual behavior had not re-engaged in the behavior within ten years of completing treatment. 

¹⁹ Finkelhor, D., Ormond, R. & Chaffin, M. (2009, December). Juveniles who commit sex offenses against minors. Office of Justice Programs. Retrieved from http://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/227763.pdf). – At least 1/3 but possibly as many as 1/2 of cases of child sexual abuse are committed by another child or youth.

Puzzanchera, C., Smith, J., & Kang, W. (2018). Easy access to NIBRS victims, 2016: Victims of violence. Retrieved from https://www.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/ezanibrsdv/ –At least 1/3 but possibly as many as 1/2 of cases of child sexual abuse are committed by another child or youth.

Gerwirtz-Meydan, A., & Finkelhor, D. (2020) Sexual abuse and assault in a large national sample of children and adolescents. Child Maltreatment, 25(2), 203-214. http://doi.org/10.1177/10775595198873975 – Of girls who experienced sexual abuse or sexual assault during childhood, 70% of the incidents were at the hands of another child or teen, usually a male.